Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancers are asymptomatic in the early stages. In the advanced stage, they produce the following symptoms:

• Difficulty in urination
• Blood in urine or semen
• Pain in the bones
• Unexplained weight loss
• Erectile dysfunction

If you notice persistently having any of the symptoms discussed above, you must visit Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Navi Mumbai and get an appointment with an expert doctor.

The exact cause of prostate cancer is unknown. Most of the time, prostate cancer occurs due to mutations in the DNA of the cells of the prostate. A cell's DNA instructs it to properly carry out its functions like growth and proliferation. When the DNA is damaged, the cells grow uncontrollably, which gives rise to the formation of a tumour. Sometimes, the accumulating abnormal cells spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes or even to distant body parts.

• Age
  Prostate Cancer is more prevalent in men more than 50 years of age
• Race
  Black people have an increased risk of developing aggressive or advanced prostate cancer
• Family history
  The risk of getting prostate cancer increases if a family member or a close relative has the disease
• Obesity
  Obese people have higher chances of developing prostate cancer. In such people, cancer, if present, is more aggressive and prone to recur after initial treatment.

• Metastasis
  Prostate cancer tends to metastasize to nearby organs like the urinary bladder. It can also reach the bones or other organs through the bloodstream or the lymphatic flow. If cancer spreads to the bones, pain and weakness in the bone will be experienced. After cancer has metastasized to distant organs, it can be treated symptomatically but not completely cured.
• Urinary incontinence
  It can occur as a symptom of cancer or even as a side effect of its treatment. Treatment of urinary continence depends on its type, duration, and severity. Certain medications, urinary catheters, and surgery may be used to relieve the patient.
• Erectile dysfunction
  It can result either from cancer or occur as a side effect of its treatment like radiation or hormonal therapies. Certain medications and vacuum devices are used to assist in achieving erection and treating this symptom.

Certain preventive measures can be taken to decrease the chances of developing prostate cancer.

• Healthy diet
  Eating a healthy, well-balanced diet full of fruits, vegetables and fibre can decrease the risk of developing cancers, including prostate cancer.
• Physical exercise
  If you exercise on most days of the week and maintain a healthy weight, your risk of developing prostate cancer decreases.
• If you are at an increased risk of developing prostate cancer, you must make an appointment with a relevant doctor. There are certain medications (such as finasteride and dutasteride) and other treatments available to reduce the risk of prostate cancer.

Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital is the best Prostate Cancer treatment hospital in Navi Mumbai. Our oncology team consists of the best Prostate Cancer specialists in Navi Mumbai who prioritise the physical, mental, and psychological health of the patients while delivering all services. Treatment of prostate cancer depends on many different factors, including its stage, severity, and extent of spread. It also depends on the personal choices and preferences of the patient and his overall health.

Early-stage low-grade prostate cancers may not need treatment right away. Active surveillance in the form of regular follow-ups, blood tests, rectal examinations, and prostate biopsies is recommended for most cases.

Surgeries

• Radiation therapy
  It uses high-energy beams from sources like X-rays and protons to kill and destroy cancer cells. External beam radiations are usually given five days a week. It is used as a treatment option for cancers that are confined to the prostate. It is used to slow the growth of cancer and relieve symptoms or prevent its recurrence.
• Cryoablation
  It involves using very cold temperatures to kill or destroy cancer cells. After freezing the tissue, it is allowed to thaw. Repeated cycles of freezing and thawing destroy the cancer cells along with a margin of the surrounding healthy tissue.
• Hormone therapy
  It is a treatment modality aimed at stopping the body from producing the male sex hormone testosterone, which facilitates the growth of prostate cancer cells. Stopping testosterone production over time causes the destruction of the cancer cells.
• Chemotherapy
  Certain specialized drugs called chemotherapeutic agents are used to destroy the cancer cells. These drugs can either be given orally in tablet form or intravenously. It is used for cancers that are unresponsive to hormone therapy.
• Immunotherapy
  It aims to stimulate the immune system to enable it to fight the cancer cells more effectively. It acts by interfering with some protective proteins present on the surface of certain cancer cells.
• Targeted drug therapy
  It uses certain specialized drugs to target the cancer cells and destroy those while sparing the normal healthy tissue. It is reserved for advanced or recurrent prostate cancers.